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ACID |
| A sour substance: An acid or sour soil has a low pH. |
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AERATION |
| Supplying soil and roots with air or oxygen. |
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AEROPONICS |
| A system in which the roots of a plant are consistently or intermittently misted with fine droplets of nutrient solution. |
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ALKALINE |
| Refers to soil with a high pH. Any pH over 7 is considered alkaline. |
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ALL-PURPOSE |
| General-purpose fertilizer - a balanced blend of N-P-K; all purpose fertilizer for soil and is used by most growers in the vegetative growth stage. Miracle-Gro and Peters is an example. They are not recommended for hydroponics. |
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BACTERIA |
| A single-celled organism that has no chlorophyll. |
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BIODEGERADABLE |
| The ablity to decompose or break down through natural bacterial action: Substances made of organic matter are biodegradable. |
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BURN |
| Leaf tips that turn dark from excess fertilizer and salt burn. |
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CALCIUM (Ca) |
| Calcium is vital in all parts of plants to promote the translocation of carbohydrates, healthy cell wall structure, strong stems, membrane maintenance and root structure development. Calcium is a macronutrient. |
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CAPILLARY ACTION |
| When the surface of a liquid is in conact with a solid, the liquid is elevated or depressed depending upon the relative attraction of the molecules of the liquid for each other or for those of the solid. This is similar to how plants seemingly defy gravity when they transport liquid from the roots upward through the plant. |
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CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) |
| A colorless, odorless, tasteless gas in the air necessary for plant life. Occurs naturally in the atmosphere at .03%. |
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CHLORINE (Cl) |
| This micronutrient is essential for photosynthesis, where it acts as an enzyme activator during the production of oxygen from water. |
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CHLOROSIS |
| The condition of a sick plant with yellowing leaves due to inadequate formation of chlorophyll. Chlorosis is caused by a nutrient deficiency, usually iron or nitrogen; nutrient deficiencies are themselves often caused by a pH that is out of the acceptable range. |
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CLONE |
| A plant produced through asexual reproduction including, but not limited to, cuttings, layering and tissue culture. |
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CONDITIONING |
| To soak new Rockwool in an acidic solution to lower the pH from 8.0 to 5.5. |
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CONDUCTIVITY |
| The scale, described as electrical conductivity (EC) or conductivity factor (CF), that is used to measure the strength of nutrient solution. |
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COPPER (Cu) |
| This micronutrient is an internal catalyst and acts as an electron carrier; it is also believed to play a role in nitrogen fixation. |
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DAMPING-OFF FUNGUS |
| Disease that attacks young seedlings and cuttings, causing stems to rot at the base; overwatering is the main cause of damping-off. |
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DISSOLVED SOLIDS or TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS |
| The amount of dissolved solids, usually fertilizer salts, that are measured in water in parts per million. |
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DRIP SYSTEM (DRIP EMITTER SYSTEM) |
| A very efficient watering system that employs a main hose with small water emitters. Water is metered out of the emitters, one drop at a time. |
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EBB-AND-FLOW (or FLOOD and DRAIN) |
| A hydroponic system in which the medium, usually aggregate pebbles, is periodically flooded with nutrient solution and then drained again, feeding and aerating the medium and root system. |
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FOLIAR FEEDING |
| Misting plants with fertilizer solution, which is absorbed by the foliage. |
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FUNGICIDE |
| A product that destroys or inhibits fungus. |
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FUNGUS |
| Any of a major group (Fungi) of saprophytic and parasitic spore-producing organisms usually classified as plants that lack chlorophyll and include molds, rusts, mildews, smuts, mushrooms, and yeasts. Common fungal diseases that attack plants are "damping-off," Botrytis, and powdery mildew. |
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FUNGUS |
| A lower plant lacking chlorophyll which may attack green plants; Mold, rust, mildew, mushrooms and bacteria are fungi. |
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GERMINATION |
| The process of causing the initiation and development of a plant from seed. |
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Growing medium |
| Materials that are sometimes used in hydroponic growing to support the plant's roots and, sometimes, to hold nutrient. |
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HALIDE |
| A binary compound of a halogen(s) with an electropositive elements. |
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HARDEN-OFF |
| To gradually acclimatize a plant to a more harsh environment. A seedling must be hardened-off before planting outdoors. |
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HONEYDEW |
| A sticky, honey-like substance secreted onto foliage by aphids, scale and mealy bugs.
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HORMONE |
| Chemical substance that controls the growth and development of a plant. Root-inducing hormones help cuttings root. |
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HORMONE |
| Chemical substance that controls the growth and development of a plant. Root-inducing hormones help cuttings root. |
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HYBRID |
| The offspring from two plants of different breeds, variety or genetic make-up. |
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HYDROGEN |
| Light, colorless, odorless gas: Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water.
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HYGROMETER |
| An instrument for measuring relative humidity in the atmosphere. |
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HYGROMETER |
| An instrument for measuring relative humidity in the atmosphere. |
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INERT |
| Chemically non-reactive; inert growing mediums make it easy to control the chemistry of the nutrient solution |
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IRON (Fe) |
| This micronutrient acts as a catalyst in the photosynthesis/respiration process, and is essential for the formation of sugars and starches. Iron also activates certain other enzymes. |
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LEAF CURL |
| Leaf malformation due to overwatering, over fertilization, lack of magnesium, insect or fungus damage or negative tropism. |
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MACRONUTRIENTS |
| The primary nutrients N-P-K or the secondary nutrients magnesium and calcium. |
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MANGANESE (Mn) |
| This micronutrient activates one or more enzymes in fatty acid synthesis; it also activates the enzymes responsible for DNA and RNA production. Closely associated with copper and zinc, manganese also participates directly in the photosynthetic creation of oxygen from water. |
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MEDIUM |
| The substrate or soilless material which supports the plant and absorbs and releases the nutrient solution in hydroponic horticulture. |
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MICRONUTRIENTS |
| Also referred to a TRACE ELEMENTS, including S, Fe, Mn, B, Mb, An and Cu. |
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MOLYBDENUM (Mo) |
| This micronutrient is essential for nitrogen fixation and nitrate reduction. |
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NECROSIS |
| The dying of plant tissue, usually the result of serious nutrient deficiency or pest attack. |
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NFT (NUTRIENT FILM TECHNIQUE) |
| A hydroponic method in which nutrient is fed into grow tubes or trays in a thin film where the roots draw it up. This "nutrient film" allows the roots to have constant contact with the nutrient and the air layer above at the same time. |
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NITROGEN (N) |
| Nitrogen is used in various forms to promote rapid vegetative growth, leaf, flower, fruit and seed development, and chlorophyll development; and to increase the protein content in all plants. |
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NUTRIENT SOLUTION |
| The mixture of water and water-soluble nutrients which is provided to the plants for nourishment in a hydroponic system. |
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NUTRIENTS |
| The elements needed by plants for normal growth and health. The major nutrients (MACRONUTRIENTS) are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), but there are numerous MICRONUTRIENTS (also called TRACE ELEMENTS) which also have integral roles in maintaining plant health. A good quality nutrient formula will contain all of the major nutrients and micronutrients needed by the vast majority of plants. |
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NUTRIENTS, SECONDARY |
| The elements other than N, P and K which are considered nearly as important as N, P and K but are not considered micronutrients. Calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulphur (S) are the elements usually referred to by this term. |
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OSMOSIS |
| The flow or diffusion that takes place through a semipermeable membrane typically separating a solvent and a solution that strives to bring about a condition of equilibrium. |
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Parts per million (ppm) |
| A ratio figure that represents the amount of one substance that is in one million parts of another substance; commonly used to describe the relative concentrations of nutrient solutions. |
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PERLITE |
| 1. Sand or volcanic glass which has been expanded by heat; perlite holds water and nutrients on its many irregular surfaces.
2. Mineral soil amendment. |
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pH |
| A scale from 1 to 14 that measures the acid to alkaline balance of a growing medium (or any other substance). In general, plants grow best in a pH range of 6 to 6.8; 6.3 is considered ideal. If the pH is not within the acceptable range, nutrients may not be absorbed to maximum capacity. |
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PHOSPHORUS (P) |
| Phosphorus promotes and stimulates early growth and blooming and root growth. It hastens maturity and seed growth, and contributes to the general hardiness of plants. Phosphorus is a macronutrient. |
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PHOTOPERIOD |
| Day length; the relationship between the length of light and dark in a 24 hour period. |
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS |
| The process by which plants use light energy to collect carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and convert it to chemical energy in the form of sugar. |
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POLLINATION |
| The transfer of pollen from the male part of a flower (stamen) to the female part of a flower (the style and stigma). |
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POTASSIUM (K) |
| Potassium promotes disease resistance and good development of carbohydrates, starches and sugars, and it increases fruit production. Potassium is a macronutrient. |
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PROPAGATE |
| Sexual propagation: to produce seed by breeding different male and female flowers.
Asexual propagation: to produce plantlets (also known as CLONES) by taking cuttings. |
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PYRETHRUM |
| Natural insecticide made from the blossoms of various chrysanthemums. |
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RESERVOIR |
| The container in a hydroponic system which holds nutrient solution in reserve for use. |
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REVERSE OSMOSIS |
| The process of removing minerals from water, which is forced by pressure through a differentially permeable membrane, filtering out the minerals; can happen when growers accidentally apply too strong of a nutrient to a plant's roots, leeching life out of the plant.
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ROCKWOOL |
| Inert, soilless growing medium consisting of woven, thin strand-like fibers made from molten volcanic rock and limestone, which is heated to over 2900 degrees F, extruded, and formed into slabs, cubes and blocks. |
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SALT |
| Crystalline compound that results from improper pH or toxic buildup of fertilizer. Salt will burn plants, preventing them from absorbing nutrients.
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SECONDARY NUTRIENTS |
| Calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) are considered to be the secondary nutrients. |
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SOLUBLE |
| Able to be dissolved in water. |
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STARCH |
| Complex carbohydrate: Starch is manufactured and stored food.
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STOMATA |
| Small mouth-like or nose-like openings (pores) on leaf underside, responsible for transpiration and many other life functions: The millions of stomata must be kept very dean to function properly.
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STRESS |
| A physical or chemical factor that causes extra exertion by plants: A stressed plant will not grow as well as a non-stressed plant.
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SUGAR |
| Food product of a plant. |
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SYSTEMIC |
| Used in reference to a disease within the plant tissue, not initiated from the external cells. Also refers to materials and compounds which are taken up or absorbed by the plant and designed to fight disease (e.g. systemic fungicide). |
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TAP ROOT |
| The main or primary root that grows from the seed: Lateral roots will branch off the tap root. |
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TRANSFORMER |
| A devise in the ballast that transforms electric current from one voltage to another. |
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TRANSPIRE |
| Give off water vapor and by products via the stomata. |
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VERMICULITE |
| Mica which has been processed and expanded by heat. Vermiculite has excellent water-retention qualities and is a good soil amendment and medium for rooting cuttings. |
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WETTING AGENT |
| Compound that reduces the droplet size and lowers the surface tension of the water, making it wetter. Liquid concentrate dish soap is a good wetting agent if it is biodegradable |
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WICK |
| Part of a passive hydroponic system using a wick suspended in the nutrient solution, the nutrients pass up the wick and are absorbed by the medium and roots. |
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Pricing Info
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All prices are listed in CDN Dollar and do not include S&H fees and applicable taxes.
Prices apply to online and retail store sales!
All prices are subject to change without notice.
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Visit Our Store
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Bustan is located at
28 Eastern Ave.
Toronto, Ontario
M5A 1H5
ATTENTION: OUR STORE HOURS ARE
MON-TUE: 11-6
WED: CLOSED
THU-FRI: 11-5:30
SAT: 11-5
SUN: CLOSED
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